Showing posts with label Handbook of Instruction. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Handbook of Instruction. Show all posts

Thursday, June 18, 2009

He Said: Surgical Sterilization

A controversial subject that comes up for LDS is birth control and even more specifically the method of birth control. Today I thought it would be interesting to explore surgical sterilization. I don't have any person in mind including the case I cite. Since I have eight children people tend to talk to me very openly about birth control. It comes up in a variety ways usually just general conversation like how many children have you had. When I say I have eight children they look at me funny and make a joke or seriously talk to me about why did I have so many.

Since 1987 the LDS generally authorities have had a policy of staying out of a couple's bedroom I usually don't go in to the subject in any great detail and try to ignore it. But from time to time I still hear about it with members telling me to use some form of birth control and on occasional telling me specifically I can take care of it in fifteen minutes surgically.

I did a search on birth control and found out that the official position is:

Children are one of the greatest blessings in life, and their birth into loving and nurturing families is central to God’s purposes for humanity. When husband and wife are physically able, they have the privilege and responsibility to bring children into the world and to nurture them. The decision of how many children to have and when to have them is a private matter for the husband and wife.
In addition Church members are told not to judge one another. Even though birth control is a private matter it doesn't stop people from discussing it with me. Some people, on finding out I have eight children, question whether I can support them or send them to college or whether it is an environmentally or emotionally good. I assure most that none of them starve nor have they not gotten a college education nor even are in debt for school and that somehow we manage to get by and my children are no more screwed up than anyone else's. The majority make a joke including Mormons like didn't your parents ever teach you about birth control. Even LDS members wonder why I had so many children and make sure to tell me that less is better.

I have never practiced birth control other than abstinence (which should be obvious). Plus birth control in any form goes against my beliefs even if I weren't LDS. Even though I have my doubts about my worthiness for godhood somewhere in the back my mind the concept that God populates worlds without end and my wife's recent fundamentalist kick about plural marriage would suggest I can't populate worlds without the ability to have multiple kids in some fashion in the next life.

Over the years I have encountered a handful of people who have taken exception to the number of children that I have. Some have suggested that I should get a vasectomy since it is a minor outpatient procedure that is less invasive for a man than for a woman and only takes fifteen minutes. They even point out to me that should I remarry and have a younger wife that there is a good chance I could have it reversed.

A few years ago the subject of vasectomy came up with a close friend in a high priest Sunday meeting where he made a joke about being sterilized later we talked about it in greater detail. In He Said/She Said I wrote:
I think LDS bishops do a poor job disseminating information from the handbook. I once had a conversation with a friend who had been a counselor in a bishopric in one of my ward who had a vasectomy in which he had no clue what the church's position was. The man considered himself an ultraconservative Mormon. It came up when he jokingly told me when I mentioned my wife and I were having my sixth child that he wouldn't be worrying about that with his wife ever again since he now shot blanks. I looked at him and said you know that the LDS Church discourages that and it is in the Handbook of Instruction. He said he didn't have a copy and never read it even when he was in the bishopric.
I can't judge my friend too harshly since he did it out of consideration for his wife. He had no clue that he should even consult with his leaders nor that it was discouraged. I really do feel that it is between him and his wife and the Lord.

If I had to make that decision for myself I have wondered about the practice of surgical sterilization and whether I engaged in it would I put my eternal life in jeopardy. One of the core principals of Mormonism is to be a God or Goddess in the afterlife. We are told that if we are worthy that we will have sealed upon us the blessings of kingdoms, thrones, principalities, powers, dominions and exaltations, with all the blessings of Abraham, Isaac and Jacob and that we should be fruitful and multiply and replenish the earth so that we may have joy and rejoicing in the day of our Lord Jesus Christ. A person who is surgically sterilized chooses consciously not to have any progeny which is a part of Godhood.

Spencer W. Kimball in the October 1974 General Conference was a little harder than me:

We marry for eternity. We are serious about this. We become parents and bring wanted children into the world and rear and train them to righteousness.

We are aghast at the reports of young people going to surgery to limit their families and the reputed number of parents who encourage this vasectomy. Remember that the coming of the Lord approaches, and some difficult-to-answer questions will be asked by a divine Judge who will be hard to satisfy with silly explanations and rationalizations. He will judge justly, you may be sure.

To find out the church's official statement I look at the Encylopedia on Mormonism that listed the 1998 Handbook on Instructions statement on surgical sterilization and saw that there is more of an option than I thought. Also the 2006 Handbook also reiterated it word for word:
Surgical Sterilization (Including Vasectomy). "Surgical sterilization should only be considered (1) where medical conditions seriously jeopardize life or health, or (2) where birth defects or serious trauma have rendered a person mentally incompetent and not responsible for his or her actions. Such conditions must be determined by competent medical judgment and in accordance with law. Even then, the person or persons responsible for this decision should consult with each other and with their bishop (or branch president) and receive divine confirmation through prayer" (11-5).
So the policy has not changed in over twenty-five years. It appears that you can gain permission to do it if there are extenuating circumstances.

I am sure there are a some legitimate reasons to have surgical sterilization for women and men who have physical problems. I think for a man or a woman consciously choosing sterilization other than for medical conditions can be a dangerous practice in view of the Mormon concept of eternal procreation. I understand it is less invasive for men but the thing that bothers me about it is that it seems hypocritical to think you can be a God creating worlds when you choose in this world to fix the procreative power to circumvent having children. What will change your desire in the next life to all of a sudden decide to have millions of them like the sands of the sea and populate worlds without end.

Friday, May 29, 2009

He Said: Disseminating the LDS Church Handbook of Instructions

Recently I have been thinking about controversial LDS issues. The LDS Church has a handbook or guidebook to give leaders guidance on just about every issue from abortion to hysterectomies to cremation. The Handbook of Instruction is verboten for anyone that isn't in a church-level, stake or ward leadership calling. General members are not given a copy. In addition there are handbooks for Temple Presidents and Mission Presidents and even for missionaries. I am sure there is a handbook for just about every position in the church.

I spend a great deal of time studying missionary work and recently asked an apostle, Elder Ballard, who I came in to contact with last week for permission to get a Mission Presidents' Handbook so I could answer questions that come up from time to time. My daughter left a missionary handbook she got from her bishop at BYU-Idaho. From time to time mission presidents slip something out there on their personal blogs. I did a post on my missionary blog a couple of weeks ago about who should a missionary call on Mother's Day when the parents are divorced. I also wrote a post entitled LDS Church Strongly Discourages Parents from Picking Up Their Missionary (Form Letter). I was hoping that by getting a handbook I could make people more aware of things that the Church wants mission presidents to disseminate to parents. I found out in a letter from my daughter's mission president that travel to pick up a missionary is strongly discouraged. I am sure there are other gems in the Mission Presidents' Handbook that other readers would like to know about.

I think LDS bishops do a poor job disseminating information from the handbook. I once had a conversation with a friend who had been a counselor in a bishopric in one of my ward who had a vasectomy in which he had no clue what the church's position was. The man considered himself an ultraconservative Mormon. It came up when he jokingly told me when I mentioned my wife and I were having my sixth child that he wouldn't be worrying about that with his wife ever again since he now shot blanks. I looked at him and said you know that the LDS Church discourages that and it is in the Handbook of Instruction. He said he didn't have a copy and never read it even when he was in the bishopric.

About a year ago my wife and I discovered that Wikileaks got in to trouble for putting up a link to the Handbook of Instruction. The Church's lawyers told them to cease and desist. I think the LDS Church should mount up all their handbooks no matter what the topic including if they have one for general authorities on LDS.Org. It is kind of weird I had to find out a few things on a non-Mormon site. I found out a few interesting things when my wife put up a post last year entitledChurch Handbook of Instructions, Disciplinary Councils, and Prop 8.

Here were a few new factoids I didn't know and I have been a member 35 years:

Members Whose Close Relatives Belong to Apostate Groups

Bishops and their counselors must take exceptional care when issuing recommends to members whose parents or other close relatives belong to or sympathize with apostate groups. Such members must demonstrate clearly that they repudiate these apostate religious teachings before they may be issued a recommend.

Persons Who Are Considering or Have Undergone a Transsexual Operation

Persons who are considering an elective transsexual operation should not be baptized. Persons who have already undergone an elective transsexual operation may be baptized if they are otherwise found worthy in an interview with the mission president or a priesthood leader he assigns. Such persons may not receive the priesthood or a temple recommend.

Surrogate Motherhood

Surrogate motherhood is strongly discouraged.

Surgical Sterilization (Including Vasectomy)

The Church strongly discourages surgical sterilization as an elective form of birth control. It should be considered only if (1) medical conditions seriously jeopardize life or health or (2) birth defects or serious trauma have rendered a person mentally incompetent and not responsible for his or her actions. Such conditions must be determined by competent medical judgment and in accordance with law. Even then, the persons responsible for this decision should consult with each other and with their bishop and should receive divine confirmation of their decision through prayer.

Sperm Donation

The donation of sperm is strongly discouraged.

Hypnosis

The use of hypnosis under competent, professional medical supervision for the treatment of diseases or mental disorders is a medical question to be determined by competent medical authorities. Members should not participate in hypnosis for purposes of demonstration or entertainment.

Name Removal and Church Discipline

If a member requests name removal and a bishop or stake president has evidence of transgression that warrants convening a disciplinary council, he should not act on the request until Church discipline has been imposed or he has concluded that no disciplinary council will be held. Name removal should not be used as a substitute for or alternative to Church discipline. If a member requests name removal and a bishop or stake president suspects transgression but lacks sufficient evidence to convene a disciplinary council, the request for name removal may be approved. Any evidence of unresolved transgressions should be noted on the Report of Administrative Action form so priesthood leaders may resolve such matters if the individual applies for readmission into the Church.


When looking at the LDS.Org site I found the following leadership support material:

There are no handbooks or guidebooks that give specific instructions. How are we supposed to follow instructions we have no clue they exist? Being an uber-Mormon I would be more orthodox if I really knew the position of the church on sensitive issues and reading a current Handbook of Instruction would make me a more conforming member of the Church. It is hard to be judged later in the next life if I had no clue what the policies are. I don't understand why the Church leaders don't want us as general members to know our own policies and practices. I mean now that I have read the old handbook of Instructions I know that the Church feels cremation is wrong because it makes it more difficult in the morning of the First Resurrection to be resurrected. They must have reasons for not wanting certain handbooks disseminated but so far no one has been able to tell me why other than that isn't my department or stewardship so why worry about it. I guess if they were disseminated it would be used against us since they are guidelines not commandments.

She Said: Disseminating the LDS Church Handbook of Instructions

You've made me think on this topic. In some of my previous blogs on the subject, I've agreed with you, but for different reasons. I'm sure I would NOT become more orthodox by reading the Church Handbooks! I DO believe in disclosure and I think members should be aware of the Church policies concerning these many varied issues. And, like everyone else, I'm curious about what they contain. But let me discuss some of the reasons why the Church Handbook of Instructions isn't available to most members, and why liberal members like me should be glad this is so.

Policy Vs. Doctrine

Policy is a course of action or procedure which is pursued by an organization. Policies differ from doctrine because they are not principles of belief. They are intended to support doctrine, but they do not define doctrine. The Church Handbooks contain policy, not doctrine. They are intended to guide the leaders in organizing branches, wards, and stakes, but they are not binding upon the general membership of the Church. It seems to me that if the Handbooks were widely distributed, members might feel constrained to follow the policies in every instance rather than to use them as guidance for establishing procedure. By not making the policies widely available, it seems that the Church is promoting the message that these are not commandments, to be strictly obeyed in every instance.

Autonomy of Local Leaders

In the introduction to the 2006 Church Handbook of Instructions, Church leaders are told that they "should seek personal revelation to help them learn and fulfill the duties of their callings." This introduction speaks of using the Handbook as a guide along with the scriptures, the teachings of latter-day prophets, and the influence of the Spirit, to assist the leader in administering the Church units by revelation.
"These instructions can facilitate revelation if they are used to provide an understanding of principles, policies, and procedures to apply when seeking the guidance of the Spirit." ("Introduction," Church Handbook of Instructions, Book 1: Stake Presidencies and Bishoprics, [2006], p. xiii).

Withholding of the Church Handbook from the general membership is helpful in allowing leaders to use their autonomy to decide how to implement procedures in their Church units. For example, despite the instruction that "Stake presidencies and bishoprics determine whether musical selections or instruments are suitable for a particular meeting," the Handbook also states that "Instruments with a prominent or less worshipful sound, such as most brass and percussion, are not appropriate for sacrament meeting." ("Music," section 14 of the Church Handbook of Instructions, Book 2: Priesthood and Auxiliary Leaders [1998], 289). Some leaders, especially in areas where percussion instruments are used culturally in worship services, have determined that these instruments do not detract from the spirit of the meetings. I think they feel more free to make these types of exceptions when the suggested restrictions in the handbook are not generally known.

Continuing Revelation

Because the LDS Church is a church of continuing revelation, the policies found in the Church Handbook are not intended to define procedures which will always be followed. For many reasons, these directions may change. The procedures for conducting meetings, or for calling missionaries is certainly not the same as it was in the early 1900's. Some of the policies may be based upon social and cultural conventions which shift over time. There is often a need to modify or clarify instructions which are printed in the Handbook. This is more easily done when the Handbooks are strictly controlled to the possession of Unit leaders. Letters are sent out from time to time to these leaders as instructions on policy, or the Handbooks are updated and superseded.

At one time the Church Handbooks stated as a policy that organs should not be donated, in order to better facilitate resurrection. By 1998, this policy had changed significantly. (The policy on cremation has similarly changed, as noted by Dr. B.)
"The decision to will or donate one's own body organs or tissue for medical purposes, or the decision to authorize the transplant of organs or tissue from a deceased family member, is made by the individual or the deceased member's family." ("Church Policies," section 18 of the Church Handbook of Instructions, Book 1: Stake Presidencies and Bishoprics [1998], 155).

In the newer 2006 Handbook, a further statement is made in addition to the above:
"The donation of organs and tissues is a selfless act that often results in great benefit to individuals with medical conditions. The decision to will or donate one's own body organs or tissue for medical purposes, or the decision to authorize the transplant of organs or tissue from a deceased family member, is made by the individual or the deceased member's family." ("Medical and Health Policies," section 19 of the Church Handbook of Instructions, Book 1: Stake Presidencies and Bishoprics [2006], 184).


Over the years the Church policy on organ donation has shifted from discouraging the practice to a subtle promotion of donation as a selfless act. This is why I see the policies in the Church Handbooks as guidance for leaders to assist them in their administrational efforts rather than commandments that should be disseminated and considered binding upon all members.

So, even though I would like to see the Church Handbook of Instructions freely available on the Church's website, and though I think this would make the Church more accountable for its policies, I do think that we liberals should be more accepting of the current stringency. It actually allows us more freedom both as liberal leaders who manage Church units a bit differently than is typical, or as general members with slightly different paradigms than our more conservative brothers and sisters.

1998 Church Handbook of Instructions

2006 Church Handbook of Instructions

Take the Poll: Disseminating the LDS Church Handbook of Instructions